2 Thessalonians 2:12

Authorized King James Version

That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἵνα
That
in order that (denoting the purpose or the result)
#2
κριθῶσιν
might be damned
by implication, to try, condemn, punish
#3
πάντες
they all
all, any, every, the whole
#4
τῇ
who
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
μὴ
not
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#6
πιστεύσαντες
believed
to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e., credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to ch
#7
τῇ
who
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
ἀληθείᾳ
the truth
truth
#9
ἀλλ'
but
properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)
#10
εὐδοκήσαντες
had pleasure
to think well of, i.e., approve (an act); specially, to approbate (a person or thing)
#11
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#12
τῇ
who
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#13
ἀδικίᾳ
G93
unrighteousness
(legal) injustice (properly, the quality, by implication, the act); morally, wrongfulness (of character, life or act)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing righteousness contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 2 Thessalonians Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes righteousness in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection